Carburetor for internal combustion engines



Sept. 20, 1966 G. R. MORTON CARBURETOR FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINESFiled Sept. 15, 1964 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR.

Sept. 20, 1966 G. R. MORTON GARBURETOR FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES 2Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Sept. 15, 1964 United States Patent 3,273,868CARBURETOR FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Glenn R. Morton, 7025 SarpyAve., Omaha, Nebr. Filed Sept. 15, 1964, Ser. No. 396,532 17 Claims.(Cl. 261-39) This is a continuation-in-part application of theapplication, Serial No. 32(1097 filed October 30, 1963.

This invention relates to carburetors for internal combustion enginesand more particularly to a carburetor that has its needle valve meansadjustably actuated by the varying atmospheric pressure relative to theminus atmospheric pressure inside the engine intake manifold.

Substantially, all internal combustion engines employ a carburetor tomix the liquid fuel, such as gasoline, and air into an ignitable gas.Obviously the efliciency of the engine will depend on the proper mixtureof the air and liquid fuel. Most standard carburetors may be adjustedfor maximum efficiency for a given engine speed, and/or a givenatmospheric pressure. However, most carburetors have only one generaluse control, i.e., a butterfly throttle valve in the air inlet conduitand no automatic compensating means. This air flow is induced by theengine piston suction and is hereinafter referred to as manifoldpressure.

One object of this invention is to provide a carburetor having anadjustable fixed needle valve with a vertically movable bowl.

A still further object of my invention is to provide a carburetor havinga needle valve that is capable of limited floating action for powerenrichment.

A still further object of my invention is to provide a carburetor with aneedle valve adjustably responsible to a temperature sensitive bimetalunit for fuel enrichment during cold starts.

A still further object of my invention is to provide a carburetor thathas its metering orifices below the fuel surface level of the carburetorbowl.

A still further object of my invention is to provide a carburetor havinga passageway communicating with the engine intake manifold back of thebutterfly control valve for the removal of any free fuel droppingincidently deposited in the bottom area of the unit.

A further object of this invention is to provide a carburetor that willbalance its throttle position with the outside atmosphere as the enginemanifold pressure changes.

A still further object of this invention is to provide a carburetor thatwill automatically enrich the mixture of gasoline at critical enginestages of operation that require such additional fuel.

A still further object of this invention is to provide a carburetor thatprovides rapid engine acceleration.

A still further object of this invention is to provide a carburetor thatidles perfectly.

A still further object of this invention is to provide a carburetor thatis so efiicient under all conditions that the pollution of the air fromthe engines exhaust is greatly reduced.

A still further object of my invention is to provide a carburetor thatonce adjusted for a given internal combustion engine will besubstantially self adjusting for varying atmospheric conditions andvarying temperature conditions.

A still further object of my invention is to provide a high efliciencycarburetor that successfully mixes the fuel and air prior to their entryinto the combustion chambers of the internal combustion engine.

Still further objects of my invention are to provide a carburetor forinternal combustion engines that is economical in manufacture anddurable in use.

These and other objects will be apparent to those skilled in the art.

This invention consists in the construction, arrangements, andcombination of the various parts of the device, whereby the objectscontemplated are attained as hereinafter more fully set forth,specifically pointed out in the claims, and illustrated in theaccompanying drawings, in which:

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of my carburetor;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of my carburetor;

FIG. 3 is a perspective plan view of the fuel distribution spool withsections cut away to more fully illustrate its construction;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged perspective view of the float control lever, and

F IG. 5 is a plan view of the temperature sensitivity bimetal adjustingmeans for the carburetor needle valve taken in line 55 of FIG. 2.

Referring to the drawings the numeral generally designates the lowerportion of the carburetor housing having a circular opening 11 in itstop, an interior area 12 and an area 13 adapted to be in communicationwith the intake manifold of an internal combustion engine. The numeral15 designates the usual butterfly valve adapted to be secured to theaccelerator lever of the engine. This butterfly valve separates theareas 12 and 13. Suspended above and spaced from the general housing 10by bracket legs 16, is the upper inverted cup housing generallydesignated by the numeral 17. The inside cylindrical area of the member17 is designated by the numeral 19. Imposed in the inverted bottom ofthe member 17 is a cylinder element 20 having a reduced downwardlyextending circular wall 21 at its lower area. Imposed in this reducedcircular wall is a fixed tube unit 22. Vertically slidably mounted onthe lower portion of the tube unit 22 is a spool unit 23 having an upperskirt portion 25 vertically movable in the inverted cup 17 and a lowerskirt portion 26 vertically movable within the upper portion of the areaas shown in FIG. 2. The skirt 26 has an upper outer projecting circularlip 27. Fixed to the under periphery of the skirt 27 is an upwardlyextending lip 29 creating with the lip 27, an open circular channel 30.The central area of the spool has a hollow area 31. The numeral 32designates radially extending passageways in the lower skirtcommunicating with the area 31 and the circular channel 30. Extendingupwardly from the bottom of the area 12 is collar 33. The numeral 35designates a centrally located downwardly extending tube on the bottomof the skirt 26 and which has its inside top communicating with the area31. The numeral 36 designates the carburetor bowl secured to the underside of the skirt 26 by a nut 37 threaded into the lower end of the tube35. Extending through the wall of the lower end portion of the tube 35are passageways 39 connecting the inside bottom area of the bowl 36 withthe inside of the tube 35. Directly above the passageways 39 and insidethe tube 35 is the needle valve seat 40. The numeral 41 designates thecarburetor bowl float. The numeral 42 designates a valve fixtureextending through the skirt 36. This fixture has a slidable valve stem43 in its passageway and which is engaged by a hinged lever 45. Thishinged lever 45 rides on the float 40. When the float drops, the leverarm will drop and the valve stem 43 moves to a lowered open condition.When the float is elevated by sufficient fuel in the bowl, the lever 45is thereby raised, and the valve stem is thereby elevated to close thevalve means fixture and prevent further liquid fuel entering thecarburetor bowl. Thus a suitable level of fuel will automatically bemaintained in the carburetor bowl. Inasmuch as the spool 23 andcarburetor bowl reciprocate upwardly and downwardly, the fuel supplyconduit 46 is flexible. This conduit 46 is adapted to be incommunication with a source of liquid fuel. The numeral 47 designates acoil spring under the carburetor bowl for yieldingly holding thecarburetor bowl and spool 23 in an upward position of their slidingmovement. If liquid fuel settles in the bottom of the housing 10, itpasses through passageways 49 in the lower area of the collar 33, and issuction drawn from the in side bottom area surrounded by the collar 33by the passageway 50 that communicates with this area and the area backof the butterfly valve 15.

Threaded downwardly in the tube 22 is cylinder 51. The needle valve unitconsists of a needle valve 52, a head 53 at the top of the needle and atube 55 extending downwardly from the head and embracing the upperportion of the needle as shown in FIG. 2. The numeral 56 designates acoil spring embracing the tube 55, having one end engaging the undersideof the head 53 and its other end engaging the cylinder 51, foryieldingly holding the needle valve in an upward position. The taperedlower end portion of the needle valve extends through the needle valveseat 40. A sealing ring 57 is between the cylinder 51 and the tube 22.Slidably mounted in the upper enlarged area of the cylinder element is apiston 59 having a peripheral compression ring 60. Threaded in thepiston 59 is a nut 61. Threaded through the nut 61 and capable of beingengaged by the head 53 is a hollow tubular member 62. The numeral 63designates a tubular bracket on the top of the piston 59. The numeral 65designates a coiled heat sensitive bi-metal spring having one endsecured to the bracket 63 and its other end secured to the fitting 64threaded into the tubular member 62 as shown in FIG. 5. The numeral 66designates a pin on the needle head and extending upwardly in the member64. The numeral 6'7 designates an adjusting screw threaded into theupper end of the member 6 and capable of engaging the top of the pin 66.

The upper skirt has its periphery flexibly connected to the top 17 by arubber or like flexible ring 69, thereby creating a variable area 70above the spool 23. The numeral 71 designates a passageway having oneend communicating with the outside atmosphere and its other endcommunicating with the area 70. The numeral 72 designates an adjustablevalve means imposed in the passageway 71. The numeral 73 designates apassageway having one end communicating with the area back of thebutterfly valve 15 and its other end communicating with the enclosedarea below the piston 59. Any engine back firing is relieved by a springloaded valve 75 communicating with the engine intake back of thebutterfly valve 15. In order to give a whirling action to the liquidentering the mote at the periphery of the skirt 26, I have airpassageways 76 in the skirt 26 having their air inlet ends communicatingwith the top of the skirt, their lengths extending at a tangent to theperiphery of the skirt 26, and their air exit ends communicating withmote trough 30. There is an air passageway for each of the fuelpassageways 32 and preferably each communicates with the mote trough 30at the same point as its adjacent fuel passageway 32. The large areasforward of and to the rear of the butterfly valve 15 provide large fueland air mixing chambers, thereby giving great efliciency and much lessoutside air pollution from the engine using my carburetor. When theengine is started and the butterfly valve 15 opened, the suction causedby the engine will pull the bowl 36 downwardly against the action of thespring 47. This action moves the valve seat downwardly and in adirection away from the tapered needle valve 52, thus permitting liquidfuel to be sucked upwardly through the tube 35, into the area 31, andthrough the fuel passageways 32 into the trough mote 30. The outsideatmosphere will be sucked downwardly around the skirt 26, therebypicking up fuel from the overflowing mote trough 36. The mixed liquidfuel and air will travel past the butterfly valve 15 and into the intakemanifold of the combustion engine. However, the up and down movement ofthe spool 23 may be yieldingly adjustably regulated by the valve means72. The greater the amount of atmospheric pressure capable of beingadmitted to the area 19, the easier the spool 23 will be drawndownwardly by suction exerted on the spool skirt 26. If the atmosphericpressure in the area 19 is relatively low, due to valve adjustment, oroutside atmospheric pressure, the resistance to the downward movement ofthe spool 23 will be relatively increased. As will be appreciated by thestructure of the needle valve assembly, the needle valve is of afloating type having three control adjustments, two of which areautomatic. The spring 56 yieldingly holds the needle valve in an upwardposition of its vertical sliding movement. The upperward limit of themovement of the needle valve relative to the core 62 and piston 59 isadjustably obtained by the screw 67 as shown in FIG. 2 and is of manualadjustment. The piston 59 is actuated automatically because its bottomside is affected by engine suction through the conduit 73. When thereexists great suction back of the butterfly valve 15, the piston 59 willbe drawn downwardly thereby lowering the needle valve relative to theneedle valve seat 40. After the engine is running smoothly, the suctionbelow the piston 59 will decrease, the needle valve spring will raisethe needle and piston 59 and the needle valve will be in upper floatcondition thereby giving power enrichment. The second automatic needlevalve control is the coiled heat sensative bi-metal band 65. When thecoiled band 65 is cold it Will contract, thereby screwing the core 65,upwardly and permitting the needle to raise for the enrichment of thecombustible engine fuel for cold engine starts. If the coil 65 is warm,or is heated, it will screw the core 64 downwardly in the piston 59thereby lowering the needle valve relative to the piston 59,accordingly. I recommend that for general use, the needle valve springbe adjusted to a load of approximately seven inches of vacuum to obtainpower enrichment. The spring 47 should have a load of approximately oneinch of vacuum and the spring loaded valve be approximately loaded forone inch of vacuum.

From the foregoing, it will be appreciated that I have provided a highlyeflicient carburetor for internal combustion engines, and after beinginitially adjusted, will function automatically to compensate forvarying conditions of pressures, temperatures, and engine speeds andrequirements.

Some changes may be made in the construction and arrangement of mycarburetor for'internal combustion engines without departing from thereal spirit and purpose of my invention, and it is my intention to coverby my claims, any modified forms of structure or use of mechanicalequivalents which may be reasonably included Within their scope.

I claim:

*1. In a carburetor for internal combustion engines,

a lower carburetor housing having a top opening,

an upper housing spaced apart from said lower housing,

a vertically movable carburetor bowl in said lower housing,

a means for yieldingly holding said carburetor bowl in an upwardposition of its movement,

a vertically slidable spool having a lower skirt secured to saidcarburetor bowl and an upper skirt vertically slidable in said upperhousing,

means for connecting the inside of said carburetor bowl to a source ofliquid combustible fuel,

a needle valve seat associated with said carburetor bowl,

a fuel passageway in the said lower skirt of said spool having one endoperatively communicating with said needle valve seat and its other endexiting at the periphery of said lower skirt,

a tapered needle valve associated with said needle valve seat,

means for holding said needle valve at least in one direction,

a valve having one side communicating with the inside of said lowercarburetor housing and its other side adapted to be in communicationwith the intake manifold of an internal combustion engine,

and a valve adjustable passageway having one end communicating with theoutside atmosphere and its other end communicating with the inside ofsaid upper housing above the upper skirt of said spool.

2. In a carburetor for internal combustion engines,

a lower carburetor housing having a top opening,

an upper housing spaced apart from said lower housa vertically movablecarburetor bowl in said lower housa means for yieldingly holding saidcarburetor bowl in an upward position of its movement,

a vertically slidable spool having a lower skirt secured to saidcarburetor 'bowl and an upper skirt vertically slidable in said upperhousing,

means for sealing the periphery of said upper skirt of said spool andsaid upper housing for preventing the movement of outside atmosphereinto or out Otf the area between the inside of said upper housing andthe top of the upper skirt of said spool,

means for connecting the inside of said carburetor bowl to a source ofliquid combustible fuel,

a needle valve seat associated with said carburetor bowl,

a fuel passageway in the said lower skirt of said spool having one endoperatively communicating with said needle valve seat and its other endexiting at the periphery of said lower skirt,

a tapered needle valve associated with said needle valve seat,

means for holding said needle valve at least in one direction,

a valve having one side communicating with the inside of said lowercarburetor housing and its other side adapted to be in communicationwith the intake manifold of an internal combustion engine,

and a valve adjustable passageway having one end communicating with theoutside atmosphere and its other end communicating with the inside ofsaid upper housing above the upper skirt of said spool.

3. In a carburetor for internal combustion engines,

a lower carburetor housing having a top opening,

an upper housing spaced apart from said lower housing,

a vertically movable carburetor bowl in said lower housing,

a means for yieldingly holding said carburetor bowl in an upwardposition of its movement,

a vertically slidable spool having a lower skirt secured to saidcarburetor bowl and an upper skirt vertically slidable in said upperhousing,

means lfOl' connecting the inside of said carburetor bowl to a source ofliquid combustible fuel,

a needle valve seat associated with said carburetor bowl,

a fuel passageway in the said lower skirt of said spool having one endoperatively communicating with said needle valve seat and its other endexiting at the periphery of said lower skirt,

a tapered needle valve associated with said needle valve seat,

adjustable means for holding said needle valve at least in onedirection,

a valve having one side communicating with the inside of said lowercarburetor housing and its other side adapted to be in communicationwith the intake manifold of an internal combustion engine,

and a valve adjustable passageway having one end communicating with theoutside atmosphere and its other end communicating with the inside ofsaid upper housing above the upper skirt of said spool.

4. In a carburetor for internal combustion engines,

a lower carburetor housing having a top opening,

an upper housing spaced apart firom said lower housing,

a vertically movable carburetor bowl in said lower housing,

a means for yieldingly holding said carburetor bowl in an upwardposition of its movement,

a vertically slidable spool having a lower skirt secured to saidcarburetor bowl and an upper skirt vertically slidable in said upperhousing,

means for connecting the inside of said carburetor bowl to a source ofliquid combustible fuel,

a needle valve seat associated with said carburetor bowl,

a fuel passageway in the said lower skirt of said spool having one endoperatively communicating with said needle valve seat and its other endexiting at the periphery of said lower skirt,

a tapered needle valve associated with said needle valve seat,

means for holding said needle valve at least in one direction,

a valve having one side communicating with the inside of said lowercarburetor housing and its other side adapted to be in communicationwith the intake manifold of an internal combusion engine,

a valve adjustable passageway having one end communicating with theoutside atmosphere and its other end communicating with the inside ofsaid upper housing above the upper skirt of said spool,

and a spring loaded valve means communicating with the outsideatmosphere and that side of said valve that is adapted to be incommunication with the intake manifold of an internal combustion engine.

5. In a carburetor for internal combustion engines,

a lower carburetor housing having a top opening,

an upper housing spaced apart from said lower housing,

a vertically movable carburetor bowl in said lower housing,

a means for yieldingly holding said carburetor bowl in an upwardposition of its movement,

a vertically slidable spool having a lower skirt secured to saidcarburetor bowl and an upper skirt vertically slidable in said upperhousing,

means for connecting the inside of said carburetor bowl to a source ofliquid combustible fuel,

a needle valve seat associated with said carburetor bowl,

'a fuel passageway in the said lower skirt of said spool having one endoperatively communicating with said needle valve seat and its other endexiting at the periphery of said lower skirt,

a tapered needle valve associated with said needle valve seat,

means for holding said needle valve at least in one direction,

a valve having one side communicating with the inside of said lowercarburetor housing and its other side adapted to be in communicationwith the intake manifold of an internal combustion engine,

a valve adjustable passageway having one end communicating with theoutside atmosphere and its other end communicating with the inside ofsaid upper housing above the uppr skirt of said. spool,

and a passageway having one end communicating with the inside bottom ofsaid carburetor housing and that side of said valve that is adapted tobe in communication with the intake manifold of an internal combustionengine.

6. In a carburetor for internal combustion engines,

a lower carburetor housing having a top opening,

an upper housing spaced apart from said lower housing,

a vertically movable carburetor bowl in said lower housing,

a means for yieldingly holding said carburetor bowl in an upwardposition of its movement,

a vertically slidable spool having a lower skirt secured to saidcarburetor bowl and an upper skirt vertically slidable in said upperhousing,

means for connecting the inside of said carburetor bowl to a source ofliquid combustible fuel,

a needle valve seat associated with said carburetor bowl,

a fuel passageway in the said lower skirt of said spool having one endoperatively communicating with said needle valve seat and its other endexiting at the periphery of said lower skirt,

a tapered needle valve associated with said needle valve seat,

heat controlled means for holding said needle valve at least in onedirection,

a valve having one side communicating with the inside of said lowercarburetor housing and its other side adapted to be in communicationwith the intake manifold of an internal combustion engine,

and a valve adjustable passageway having one end communicating with theoutside atmosphere and its other end communicating with the inside ofsaid upper housing above the upper skirt of said spool.

'7. In a carburetor for internal combustion engines,

a lower carburetor housing having a top opening,

an upper housing spaced apart from said lower housing,

a vertically movable carburetor bowl in said lower housing,

a means for yieldingly holding said carburetor bowl in an upwardposition of its movement,

a vertically sl-idable spool having a lower skirt secured to saidcarburetor bowl and an upper skirt vertically slidable in said upperhousing,

means for connecting the inside of said carburetor bowl to a source ofliquid combustible fuel,

a needl valve seat associated with said carburetor bowl,

a fuel passageway in the said lower skirt of said spool having one endoperatively communicating with said needle valve seat and its other endexiting at the periphery of said lower skirt,

a tapered needle valve associated with said needle valve seat,

means for holding said needle valve at least in one direction,

a valve having one side communicating with the inside of said lowercarburetor housing and its other side adapted to be in communicationwith the intake manifold of an internal combustion engine,

a valve adjustable passageway having one end communicating with theoutside atmosphere and its other end communicating with the inside ofsaid upper housing above the upper skirt of said spool,

and a float actuated valve means for maintaining a given level of liquidfuel inside said carburetor bowl.

3. In a carburetor for internal combustion engines,

a lower carburetor housing having a top opening,

an upper inverted cup housing spaced from said lower housing,

a vertically movable carburetor bowl in said lower housing,

a means for yieldingly holding said carburetor bowl in an upwardposition of its vertical movement,

a vertically movable spool having an upper skirt in said upper housingand a lower skirt secured to said carburetor bowl and capable ofsubstantially closing the top opening in said lower housing when saidcarburetor bowl is in an upward position of its vertical movement,

means for sealing the upper skirt of said spool and said upper housingfor preventing the passage of air past said upper skirt and into theinside area of said upper housing,

an adjustable valve means for permitting air to pass into or out of thearea in said upper housing above said upper skirt,

means for connecting the inside of said carburetor bowl with a source ofliquid combustible fuel,

a fixed needle valve seat associated with said carburetor bowl,

a plurality of fuel passageways in said lower skirt, each having one endoperatively communicating with said needle valve seat and exiting at theperiphery of said lower skirt,

a vertically movable needle valve associated with said needle valveseat,

a spring means for yieldingly holding said needle valve in an upwardposition of its movement,

a cylinder on said upper housing,

a vertically movable piston in said cylinder,

a passageway having one end communicating with the inside of saidcylinder below said piston and its other end adapted to be in operativecommunication with the intake manifold of an internal combustion engine,

an adjustable valve means adapted to connect the inside of said lowerhousing to the intake manifold of an internal combustion engine,

and a stop means associated with said needle valve and said piston forlimiting the upper vertical movement of said needle valve.

9. In a carburetor for internal combustion engines,

a lower carburetor housing having a top opening,

an upper inverted cup housing spaced from said lower housing,

a vertically movable carburetor bowl in said lower housing,

a means for yieldingly holding said carburetor bowl in an upwardposition of its vertical movement,

a vertically movable spool having an upper skirt in said upper housingand a lower skirt secured to said carburetor bowl and capable ofsubstantially closing the top opening in said lower housing when saidcarburetor bowl is in an upward position of its vertical movement,

means for flexibly sealing the upper skirt of said spool and said upperhousing for preventing the passage of air past said upper skirt and intothe inside area of said upper housing,

an adjustable valve means for permitting air to pass into or out of thearea in said upper housing above said upper skirt,

means for connecting the inside of said carburetor bowl with a source ofliquid combustible fuel,

a fixed needle valve seat associated with said carburetor bowl,

a plurality of fuel passageways in said lower skirt, each having one endoperatively communicating with said needle valve seat and exiting at theperiphery of said lower skirt,

a vertically movable needle valve associated with said needle valveseat,

a spring means for yieldingly holding said needle valve in an upwardposition of its movement,

a cylinder of said upper housing,

a vertically movable piston in said cylinder,

a passage way having one end communicating with the inside of saidcylinder below said piston and its other end adapted to be in operativecommunication with the intake manifold of an internal combustion engine,

an adjustable valve means adapted to connect the inside of said lowerhousing to the intake manifold of an internal combustion engine,

and a stop means associated with said needle valve and said piston forlimiting the upper vertical movement of said needle valve.

10. In a carburetor for internal combustion engines,

a lower carburetor housing having a top opening,

an upper inverted cup housing spaced from said lower housing,

a vertically movable carburetor bowl in said lower housing,

a means for yieldingly holding said carburetor bowl in an upwardposition of its vertical movement,

a vertically movable spool having an upper skirt in said upper housingand a lower skirt secured to said carburetor bowl and capable ofsubstantially closing the top opening in said lower housing when saidcarburetor bowl is in an upward position of its vertical movement,

means for sealing the upper skirt of said spool and said upper housingfor preventing the passage of air past said upper skirt and into theinside area of said upper housing,

an adjustable valve means for permitting air to pass into or out of thearea in said upper housing above said upper skirt,

means for connecting the inside of said carburetor bowl with a source ofliquid combustible fuel,

a fixed needle valve seat associated with said carburetor bowl,

a plurality of fuel passageways in said lower skirt, each having one endoperatively communicating with said needle valve seat and exiting at theperiphery of said lower skirt,

a vertically movable needle valve associated with said needle valveseat,

spring means for yieldingly holding said needle valve in an upwardposition of its movement,

a cylinder on said upper housing,

a vertically movable piston in said cylinder,

a passageway having one end communicating with the inside of saidcylinder below said piston and its other end adapted to be in operativecommunication with the intake manifold of an internal combustion engine,

an adjustable valve means adapted to connect the inside of said lowerhousing to the intake manifold of an internal combustion engine,

a stop means associated with said needle valve and said piston forlimiting the upper vertical movement of said needle valve,

and an automatic temperature controlled means for adjusting said stopmeans relative to said piston.

11. In a carburetor for internal combustion engines,

a lower carburetor housing having a top opening,

an upper inverted cup housing spaced from said lower housing,

a vertically movable carburetor bowl in said lower housa means foryieldingly holding said carburetor bowl in an upward position of itsvertical movement,

a vertically movable spool having an upper skirt in said upper housingand a lower skirt secured to said carburetor bowl and capable ofsubstantially closing the top opening in said lower housing when saidcarburetor bowl is in an upward position of its vertical movement,

means for sealing the upper skirt of said spool and said upper housingfor preventing the passage of air past said upper skirt and into theinside area of said upper housing,

an adjustable valve means for permitting air to pass into or out of thearea in said upper housing above said upper skirt,

means for connecting the inside of said carburetor bowl with a source ofliquid combustible fuel,

a fixed needle valve seat associated with said carburetor bowl,

a plurality of fuel passageways in said lower ski-rt, each having oneend operatively communicating with said needle valve seat and exiting atthe periphery of said lower skirt,

a vertically movable needle valve associated with said needle valveseat,

a spring means for yieldingly holding said needle valve in an upwardposition of its movement,

a cylinder on said upper housing,

a vertically movable piston in said cylinder,

a passageway having one end communicating with the inside of saidcylinder below said piston and its other end adapted to be in operativecommunication with the intake manifold of an internal combustion engine,

an adjustable valve means adapted to connect the inside of said lowerhousing to the intake manifold of an internal combustion engine,

a stop means associated with said needle valve and said piston forlimiting the upper vertical movement of said needle valve,

and a manual adjustable control means for adjusting said stop meansrelative to said piston.

12. In a carburetor for internal combustion engines,

a lower carburetor housing having a top opening,

an upper inverted cup housing spaced from said lower housing,

a vertically movable carburetor bowl in said lower housing,

a means for yieldingly holding said carburetor bowl in an upwardposition of its vertical movement,

a vertically movable spool having an upper skirt in said upper housingand a lower skirt secured to said carburetor bowl and capable ofsubstantially closing the top opening in said lower housing when saidcarburetor bowl is in an upward position of its vertical movement,

means for sealing the upper skirt of said spool and said upper housingfor preventing the passage of air past said upper skirt and into theinside area of said upper housing,

an adjustable valve means for permitting air to pass into or out of thearea in said upper housing above said upper skirt,

means for connecting the inside of said carburetor bowl with a source ofliquid combustible fuel,

a fixed needle valve seat associated with said carburetor bowl,

a plurality of fuel passageways in said lower skirt, each having one endoperatively communicating with said needle valve seat and exiting at theperiphery of said lower skirt,

a vertically movable needle valve associated with said needle valveseat,

a spring means for yieldingly holding said needle valve in an upwardposition of its movement,

a cylinder on said upper housing,

a vertically movable piston in said cylinder,

a passageway having one end communicating with the inside of saidcylinder below said piston and its other end adapted to be in operativecommunication With the intake manifold of an internal combustion engine,

an adjustable valve means adapted to connect the inside of said lowerhousing to the intake manifold of an internal combustion engine,

a stop means associated with said needle valve and said piston forlimiting the upper vertical movement of said needle valve,

and a wall in said lower housing slidably supporting said carburetorbowl.

13. In a carburetor for internal combustion engines,

a lower carburetor housing having a top opening,

an upper inverted cup housing spaced from said lower housing,

a vertically movable carburetor bowl in said lower housing,

a means for yieldingly holding said carburetor bowl in an upwardposition of its vertical movement,

a vertically movable spool having an upper skirt in said upper housingand a lower skirt secured to said carburetor bowl and capable ofsubstantially closing the top opening in said lower housing when saidcarburetor bowl is in an upward position of its vertical movement,

means for sealing the upper skirt of said spool and said upper housingfor preventing the passage of air past said upper skirt and into theinside area of said upper housing,

an adjustable valve means for permitting air to pass into or out of thearea in said upper housing above said upper skirt,

means for connecting the inside of said carburetor bowl with a source ofliquid combustible fuel,

a fixed needle valve seat associated with said carburetor bowl,

a plurality of fuel passageways in said lower skirt, each having one endoperatively communicating with said needle valve seat and exiting at theperiphery of said lower skirt,

a vertically movable needle valve associated with said needle valveseat,

a spring means for yieldingly holding said needle valve in an upwardposition of its movement,

a cylinder on said upper housing,

a vertically movable piston in said cylinder,

a passageway having one end communicating with the inside of saidcylinder below said piston and its other end adapted to be in operativecommunication with the intake manifold of an internal combustion engine,

an adjustable valve means adapted to connect the inside of said lowerhousing to the intake manifold of an internal combustion engine,

a stop means associated with said needle valve and said piston forlimiting the upper vertical movement of said needle valve,

a wall in said lower housing slidably supporting said carburetor bowl,

surplus liquid passageways extending through said wall,

and a passageway having one end communicating with the inside lowerhousing and its other end adapted to be in operative communication withthe intake manifold of an internal combustion engine.

14. In a carburetor for internal combustion engines,

a lower carburetor housing having a top opening,

an upper inverted cup housing spaced from said lower housing,

a vertically movable carburetor bowl in said lower housing,

a means for yieldingly holding said carburetor bowl in an upwardposition of its vertical movement,

a vertically movable spool having an upper skirt in said housing and alower skirt secured to said carburetor bowl and capable of substantiallyclosing the top opening in said lower housing when said carburetor bowlis in an upward position of its vertical movement,

means for sealing the upper skirt of said spool and said upper housingfor preventing the passage of air past said upper skirt and into theinside area of said upper housing,

an adjustable valve means for permitting air to pass into or out of thearea in said upper housing above said upper skirt,

means for connecting the inside of said carburetor bowl with a source ofliquid combustible fuel,

a fixed needle valve seat associated with said carburetor bowl,

a plurality of fuel passageways in said lower skirt, each having one endoperatively communicating with said needle valve seat and exiting at theperiphery of said lower skirt,

a vertically movable needle valve associated with said needle valveseat,

a spring means for yieldingly holding said needle valve in an upwardposition of its movement,

a cylinder on said upper housing,

a vertically movable piston in said cylinder,

a passageway having one end communicating with the inside of saidcylinder below said piston and its other end adapted to be in operativecommunication with the intake manifold of an internal combustion engine,

an adjustable valve means adapted to connect the inside of said lowerhousing to the intake mainfold of aninternal combustion engine,

a stop means associated with said needle valve and said piston forlimiting the upper vertical movement of said needle valve,

and a trough mote at the periphery of the lower skirt of said spool.

15. In a carburetor for internal combustion engines,

a lower carburetor housing having a top opening,

an upper inverted cup housing spaced from said lower housing,

a vertically movable carburetor bowl in said lower housing,

a means for yieldingly holding said carburetor bowl in an upwardposition of its vertical movement,

a vertically movable spool having an upper skirt in said upper housingand a lower skirt secured to said carburetor bowl and capable ofsubstantially closing the top opening in said lower housing when saidcarburetor bowl is in an upward position of its vertical movement,

means for sealing the upper skirt of said spool and said upper housingfor preventing the passage of air past said upper skirt and into theinside area of said upper housing,

an adjustable valve means for permitting air to pass into or out of thearea in said upper housing above said upper skirt,

means for connecting the inside of said carburetor bowl with a source ofliquid combustible fuel,

a fixed needle valve seat associated with said carburetor :bowl,

a plurality of fuel passageways in said lower skirt, each having one endoperatively communicating with said needle valve seat and exiting at theperiphery of said lower skirt,

a vertically movable needle valve associated with said needle valveseat,

a spring means for yieldingly holding said needle valve in an upwardposition of its movement,

a cylinder on said upper housing,

a vertically movable piston in said cylinder,

a passageway having one end communicating with the inside of saidcylinder below said piston and its other end adapted to be in operativecommunication with the intake manifold of an internal combustion engine,

an adjustable valve means adapted to connect the inside of said lowerhousing to the intake mainfold of an internal combustion engine,

a stop means associated with said needle valve and said piston forlimiting the upper vertical movement of said needle valve,

a trough mote at the periphery of the lower skirt of said spool,

and a plurality of air passageways in the lower skirt of said spool,each having one end communicating with the top of said lower skirt andits other end exiting into said trough mote.

16. In a carburetor for internal combustion engines,

a lower carburetor housing having a top opening,

an upper inverted cup housing spaced from said lower housing,

a vertically movable carburetor bowl in said lower housing,

a means for yieldingly holding said carburetor bowl in an upwardposition of its vertical movement,

a vertically movable spool having an upper skirt in said upper housingand a lower skirt secured to said carburetor bowl and capable ofsubstantially closing the top opening in said lower housing when saidcarburetor bowl is in an upward position of its vertical movement,

means for sealing the upper skirt of said spool and said upper housing'for preventing the passage of air past said upper skirt and into theinside area of said upper housing,

an adjustable valve means for permitting air to pass into or out of thearea in said upper housing above said upper skirt,

means for connecting the inside of said carburetor bowl with a source ofliquid combustible fuel,

a fixed needle valve seat associated with said carburetor bowl,

a plurality of fuel passageways in said lower skirt, each having one endoperatively communicating with said needle valve seat and exiting at theperiphery of said lower skirt,

a vertically movable needle valve associated with said needle valveseat,

a spring means for yieldingly holdin said needle valve in an upwardposition of its movement,

a cylinder on said upper housing,

a vertically movable piston in said cylinder,

a passageway having one end communicating with the inside of saidcylinder below said piston and its other end adapted to be in operativecommunication with the intake manifold of an internal combustion engine,

an adjustable valve means adapted to connect the inside of said lowerhousing to the intake manifold of an internal combustion engine,

a stop means associated with said needle valve and said piston forlimiting the upper vertical movement of said needle valve,

a trough mote at the periphery of the lower skirt of said spool,

and a plurality of air passageways in the lower skirt of said spool,each having one end communicating with the top of said lower skirt andits other end exiting into said trough mote,

said air passageways extending at a tangent to the periphery of saidlower skirt.

17. In a carburetor for internal combustion engines,

a lower carburetor housing having a top opening, a

bore area and a compartment area,

an upper housing spaced apart from said lower housing,

a vertically movable carburetor bowl in said lower housing bore area,

a means for yiel-dingly holding said carburetor bowl in an upwardposition of its movement,

a vertically slidable hollow spool having a lower skirt secured to saidcarburetor bowl and an upper portion vertically slidable on said upperhousing,

first conduit means connecting the inside of said carburetor bowl to asource of liquid combustible fuel,

second conduit means for discharging fuel from said fuel bowl,

a needle valve seat in said second conduit means,

a fuel passageway in said lower skirt of said spool having one endoperatively communicating with said needle valve seat and its other endexiting at the periphery of said lower skirt,

means mounting a tapered needle valve within the hollow portion of saidspool and extending adjacent said needle valve seat,

and a valve having one side communicating with the compartment area ofsaid lower carburetor housing and its other side adapted to be incommunication with the intake manifold of an internal combustion engine.

References Cited by the Examiner UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,887,309 5/1959Raynor 261 FOREIGN PATENTS 435,768 9/1935 Great Britain. 515,040 11/1939Great Britain. 528,939 11/ 1940 Great Britain.

HARRY B. THORNTON, Primary Examiner.

T. R. MILES, Assistant Examiner.

1. IN A CARBURETOR FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES, A LOWER CARBURETORHOUSING HAVING A TOP OPENING, AN UPPER HOUSING SPACED APART FROM SAIDLOWER HOUSING, A VERTICALLY MOVABLE CARBURETOR BOWL IN SAID LOWERHOUSING, A MEANS FOR YIELDINGLY HOLDING SAID CARBURETOR BOWL IN ANUPWARD POSITION OF ITS MOVEMENT, A VERTICALLY SLIDABLE SPOOL HAVING ALOWER SKIRT SECURED TO SAID CARBURETOR BOWL AND AN UPPER SKIRTVERTICALLY SLIDABLE IN SAID UPPER HOUSING, MEANS FOR CONNECTING THEINSIDE OF SAID CARBURETOR BOWL TO A SOURCE OF LIQUID COMBUSTIBLE FUEL, ANEEDLE VALVE SEAT ASSOCIATED WITH SAID CARBURETOR BOWL, A FUELPASSAGEWAY IN THE SAID LOWER SKIRT OF SAID SPOOL HAVING ONE ENDOPERATIVELY COMMUNICATING WITH SAID NEEDLE VALVE SEAT AND ITS OTHER ENDEXITING AT THE PERIPHERY OF SAID LOWER SKIRT, A TAPERED NEEDLE VALVEASSOCIATED WITH SAID NEEDLE VALVE SEAT, MEANS FOR HOLDING SAID NEEDLEVALVE AT LEAST IN ONE DIRECTION, A VALVE HAVING ONE SIDE COMMUNICATINGWITH THE INSIDE OF SAID LOWER CARBURETOR HOUSING AND ITS OTHER SIDEADAPTED TO BE IN COMMUNICATION WITH THE INTAKE MANIFOLD OF AN INTERNALCOMBUSTION ENGINE, AND A VALVE ADJUSTABLE PASSAGEWAY HAVING ONE ENDCOMMUNICATING WITH THE OUTSIDE ATMOSPHERE AND ITS OTHER ENDCOMMUNICATING WITH THE INSIDE ATMOSPHERE AND ITS OTHER HOUSING ABOVE THEUPPER SKIRT OF SAID SPOOL.